Development and features of the course of acute pancreatitis in gunshot wounds of the abdomen with and without damage to the pancreas

The purpose of the study. To study the frequency, development and features of the course of acute pancreatitis in gunshot wounds of the abdomen with and without damage to the pancreas. Materials and methods. The study included 150 civilian patients who suffered gunshot wounds to the abdomen during a local armed conflict during the fighting in Chechnya and in the border regions of the North Caucasus, as well as during a special military operation. The average age was 37 ± 7 years. There were 46 (30,7%) female and 104 (69,3%) male wounded. Results. The presented study shows that the problem of acute pancreatitis in gunshot wounds of the abdomen is urgent. Thus, it was found that this complication is registered in 50,0% of cases of gunshot wounds to the abdomen among the civilian population. The analysis revealed the dependence of the development of acute pancreatitis on the nature of the injury to the internal organs of the abdomen. It was found that this complication most often develops with wounds to parenchymal organs (liver, spleen), as well as with wounds to the pancreas. Moreover, gunshot wounds to the pancreas lead to 100% development of severe acute pancreatitis, regardless of whether a bullet or shrapnel wound, as a rule, acute pancreatitis leads to more severe complications, leading to death. It was found that the development of acute pancreatitis most often develops against the background of a spleen injury, which requires further investigation. Conclusion. The development of acute pancreatitis in gunshot wounds of the abdomen is noted in 50,0% of cases and is accompanied by a mortality rate of 27,3%, while no statistical reliability was obtained for bullet and shrapnel wounds of the abdomen. Factors contributing to the development of acute pancreatitis in gunshot wounds to the abdomen include: injuries to parenchymal organs (pancreas, spleen), as well as a severe and moderate condition on admission according to the VPX-SP scale.