Cybersecurity of Onshore Power Supply (OPS) Systems

This paper reviews cybersecurity standards, regulations, and audit procedures relevant to EU Onshore Power Supply systems. These systems link maritime and energy infrastructures via high-capacity ship-to-shore connections. Such hybrid operational technology environments introduce vulnerabilities that neither maritime nor energy sector standards fully address. Using a qualitative, comparative review, the authors evaluate key frameworks. Analysis reveals gaps in authentication, mutual assurance, runtime monitoring, incident response, and management of legacy operational technology. the findings provide a foundation for risk-informed, cross-sector cybersecurity audits and highlight the need for harmonized yet adaptable security requirements to safeguard Onshore Power Supply-enabled ports against evolving cyber threats.