Prevalence and influencing factors of allergic rhinitis in Xi’an: A 2022 survey

The incidence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has been rising annually in China, correlating with the ongoing intensification of global climate change and industrialization. This study aimed to investigate the self-reported prevalence of AR among adults in Xi’an, as well as the relevant influencing factors. The prevalence of AR was assessed among adult residents across 11 districts of Xi’an from June to October 2022. Additionally, an analysis was conducted to determine the relevant influencing factors associated with AR in these patients. In total, 3,350 individuals from 11 districts in Xi’an participated in this survey, with a self-reported prevalence of 10.0%. Among AR patients, 20.1% had a family history of allergies, compared with 5.1% in those without AR. The prevalence of AR was 30.3% in patients with a family history of allergies and 8.5% in those without. Urban residents had a higher prevalence of AR (11.0%) than suburban residents (8.3%) ( P = 0.002). Among the patients, 22.8% had perennial AR and 77.2% had seasonal AR, mainly due to pollen. In terms of diagnosis and treatment, 38.0% of the patients underwent allergen testing, 55.4% received medication, and 66.4% achieved symptom control. The incidence of AR in Xi’an remained high. This study will enhance the understanding of AR patterns in Xi’an and inform public health policies, prevention strategies, and AR control systems.