Systematic review on bio-based insulation in Morocco: Research progress and policy challenges

This paper evaluates the initiatives undertaken by research and policy institutions in Morocco regarding energy efficiency in buildings. It explores the potential of thermal insulation materials derived from bio-based composites and textile waste, as circularly, sustainable, economical and high-performance solutions. To meet this objective, a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology has been used with over 133 studies and 10 projects to analyse quantitatively and qualitatively the efforts made to integrate recycled and bio-based materials for more energy efficient buildings. The quantitative side has shown that over 30 different types of eco-friendly materials were experimentally and numerically characterised in Morocco during the last 25 years. The qualitative side was conducted through a U-value and thickness based evaluation and a classification by thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity to specify the most suitable materials. A critical analysis of the research methodology and the national policy strategy towards building energy efficiency has been carried out. The findings have highlighted the main challenges facing the integration of these insulation materials in the construction sector, particularly in terms of regulations, awareness and market access. Finally, recommendations were proposed to encourage the adoption of these innovative materials and strengthen public policies in favour of the energy transition. • Significant climate change challenges threaten Morocco. • Building energy efficiency reduces energy consumption and GHG emissions. • Several Bio-based materials have been proposed for energy-efficient buildings. • Moroccan Policy has proposed a National energy strategy with building energy efficiency as a priority. • Several problems still face the building thermal insulation effective integration in Morocco.