Skeletal pathologies as a consequence of mineral disorders in a young male ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) - case report

Inadequately balanced diets and insufficient exposure to UVB radiation are among the primary causes of mineral imbalances and impaired vitamin D3 (25-OH D) synthesis in captive primates. These deficits often lead to metabolic bone disease (MBD), a condition marked by weakened bone structure, deformities, and increased fracture risk. Juvenile animals are particularly susceptible due to their rapid growth and heightened nutritional demands. This study presents a clinical case of a juvenile male ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) exhibiting apathy, lameness, and skeletal abnormalities. Radiographic examination revealed a femoral fracture with decreased bone opacity, and biochemical analysis showed hypocalcemia and significantly elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels. The treatment consisted of pain management combined with calcium supplementation, and increased UVB exposure. Despite these interventions, follow-up evaluation revealed persistent growth retardation, bone deformities, low vitamin D3 levels, and ongoing metabolic imbalances. This case underscores the clinical relevance of proper nutritional and environmental management in captive exotic animals and highlights the potentially irreversible consequences of neglecting these essential care factors.