Insulin and SB-216763, a GSK3β inhibitor, reduce methamphetamine toxicity in human neuroblastoma and rat primary midbrain cells

midbrain cells after 72 h of treatment with 5mM MA, insulin (0.05U), and SB-216763 (3µM). Results: MA significantly decreased the viability of human SH-SY5Y and rat primary midbrain cells, and insulin and SB-216763 could increase it. In addition, elevated expression of TNFα and Bax fol-lowing MA was attenuated by insulin and SB-216763 in primary midbrain cells. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that MA decreases the cell viability of rat primary midbrain cells, at least in part, by upregulation of inflammatory and apoptotic factors, and treatment with insulin and SB-216763 could attenuate MA toxicity.