Connectome: Graph theory application in functional brain network architecture

Highlights • Network science and graph theory applications can help in understanding how human cognitive functions are linked to neuronal network structure.• The present review focuses on pivotal recent studies regarding graph theory application on functional dynamic connectivity investigated by electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis.• Graph analysis applications represent an interesting probe to analyze the distinctive features of real life by focusing on functional connectivity networks.• Application of graph theory to patient data might provide more insight into the pathophysiological processes underlying brain disconnection.• Graph theory might aid in monitoring the impact of eventual pharmacological and rehabilitative treatments.