Comparing media systems in new democracies: East meets South meets West

: Th e paper presents a comparative framework for understanding the emerging media systems in so-called third-wave democracies. Th ree pathways of democratization are distinguished – from communist oligarchy in Eastern Europe, from military dictatorship in Latin America, and from one-party dictatorship in Asia and Africa. Following Hallin & Mancini’s approach the paper then discusses for each of these pathways the particular patterns of transition of media markets, state-me-dia relationships, political parallelism, and journalistic professionalism. Th e paper concludes by argu-ing that Western models of media systems cannot be easily applied to new democracies. Instead, new hybrid forms of political communication are emerging that blend liberal ideals of a free press with the trajectories of the past, indigenous values and the constraints and experiences of transition.