모의 심리적 특성 및 가정환경이 출산의도와 출산행동에 미치는 영향

This study analysed the influence of maternal psychological characteristics and family environment on the intension of childbirth and actual birth. Longitudinal data were used for comparative analysis according to maternal employment status. The analysis showed a few results. First, unemployed mothers showed a higher rate in parenting stress and exposure to stressful situation in family than that of employed mothers, but a lower rate in positive factors such as family income and husband’s participation in childcare. Second, the value of children as a psychological factor and the number of existing children as a family environment factor influenced the intension of childbirth for both employed and unemployed mothers. Third, marital conflicts affected their intension of childbirth for employed mothers, while marital satisfaction influenced their actual birth. For unemployed mothers, the family environment factor influenced their actual birth. And both of psychological characteristics and family environment affected their actual birth of employed mothers. Fourth, regardless of maternal employment, the intension of childbirth worked as mediation between the number of children and actual birth. With the above mentioned, it can be said that there is individual difference in psychological characteristics and family environment according to maternal employment, and the intension of childbirth and actual birth have different factors influencing them respectively. In addition, it was confirmed that the intension of childbirth mediated between the number of children and actual birth, and all the actual birth is not through the intension of childbirth though the intension is a major factor for birthing. Thus, there should be extensive support for unemployed mothers and needs different approaches and policies for childbirth according to maternal employment status.