Health-promoting lifestyles and related factors among pregnant women/Gebelerde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ve ilişkili faktörler

Abstract Objective: A health-promoting lifestyle has an especially important role during pregnancy due to its direct link to healthy births, and to low maternal-fetal mortality and morbidity rates. The objectives of our study are to determine and analyse the health-promoting lifestyles and related factors in pregnant women. Methods: This descriptive study was carried out on 255 pregnant women in the city of Usak in Turkey, using the Health-Promoting-Lifestyle-Profile-II-(HPLP). Frequencies, percentage distributions, t tests, and the Mann Whitney U test and ANOVA were used to analyze the results. Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 26.7±5.1 and their mean gestational week was 25.2±10.9. The mean total score on the HPLP was 130.7±20.0. The lowest score was for “physical activity” (14.4±5.0). The highest score was for “psychological wellbeing” (26.18±4.2). Smoking prevalence among the study population was 17% before the pregnancy,  and 3.9% during the pregnancy (with an average of 4 cigarettes/day). During the pregnancy diet habits improved. The rate of giving up smoking was high. Women also sought further knowledge about pregnancy and birth. Conclusions: In pregnant women the HPLP score was upper to intermediate in level. Of the women who participated in the survey, those that were unemployed, had a lower level of education, and those who had considered abortion were found to be at a higher risk of not having a health promoting life style. This finding provides a unique insight in identifying the risk group for health care providers who work at an antenatal clinic. Health caregivers should pay more attention to this risk group when evaluating healthy lifestyles during whole pregnancy. Key Words: Health-Promoting Lifestyles; pregnant women; Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II Ozet Amac: Saglikli yasam bicimi davranislari; saglikli ve canli bir dogum yapma, anne-yenidogan mortalite ve morbidite oranini azaltma acisindan ozellikle gebelik surecinde oldukca onemlidir. Bu calismada gebe kadinlain saglikli yasam bicimi davranislari ve iliskili faktorlerinin arastirilmasi amaclanmistir. Yontem: Tanimlayici nitelikte olan bu calisma, Usak’ta 255 gebe kadin uzerinde gerceklesmistir. Calismada Saglikli Yasam Bicimi Davranislari Olcegi-II (SYBDO-II) kullanilmistir. Istatistiksel degerlendirmede siklik ve yuzdelik dagilim, t test, Mann Whitney U test and ANOVA kullanilmistir. Bulgular: Kadinlarin yas ortalamasi 26.7±5.1 ve gestasyonel yasi 25.2±10.9 haftadir. Toplam SYBDO-II puani 130.7.±20.0 idi. Olcege ait en dusuk puan “fiziksel aktivite” alt grubuna, (14.4±5.0) en yuksek puan ise “manevi gelisim” e aittir (26.1±4.2). Gebelik oncesi sigara icme sikligi %16.9 iken, gebelikte bu oran %3.9’dur (ortalama 4 sigara/gun).  Kadinlarin gebelikte beslenme aliskanliklari iyilesmistir; ote yandan halen sigara icen gebeler bulunmaktadir ve fiziksel aktivitelerindeki degisimler yetersizdir. Ayrica kadinlar gebelik ve dogum hakkinda bilgi alma gereksinimindedir. Sonuc: Gebe kadinlarda SYBDO-II puani ust-orta seviyededir. Egitim seviyesi dusuk, issiz ve gebeligini sonlandirmak isteyen kadinlarin, sagliksiz davranislar acisindan risk grubunda oldugu belirlenmistir. Bu bulgular, dogum oncesi kliniklerde calisan saglik personeline riskli grubu belirleme acisindan ipuclari sunar. Saglik bakimi sunanlarin, saglikli yasam bicimi davranislari acisindan belirlenen riskli grubu daha dikkatli degerlendirilmesi onerilmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Saglikli Yasam Bicimi Davranislari; gebe kadinlar; Saglikli Yasam Bicimi Davranislari Olcegi-II