On perturbations of continuous structures

We give a general framework for the treatment of perturbations of types and structures in continuous logic, allowing to specify which parts of the logic may be perturbed. We prove that separable, elementarily equivalent structures which are approximately ℵ0-saturated up to arbitrarily small perturbations are isomorphic up to arbitrarily small perturbations (where the notion of perturbation is part of the data). As a corollary, we obtain a Ryll–Nardzewski style characterization of complete theories all of whose separable models are isomorphic up to arbitrarily small perturbations.