An Indigenous model of health promotion

Issue addressed: For health promotion to be useful to Indigenous peoples it should be consistent with their values, attitudes and aspirations. Methods: Using a combination of Maori world views and health perspectives as well as findings from public health and health impact studies, an Indigenous model of health promotion has been developed in New Zealand. By incorporating the symbolism of a constellation of stars, the Southern Cross (Te Pae Mahutonga), the model adopts an Indigenous icon to increase understanding and to convey a greater sense of relevance. Results: Four key areas for health ('ora') are proposed in the model, each representing one of the central Southern Cross stars. Waiora refers to the natural environment and environmental protection; Mauri Ora is about cultural identity and access to the Maori world; Toiora includes wellbeing and healthy lifestyles; and Whaiora encompasses full participation in the wider society. The two pointer stars symbolise capacities that are needed to make progress: effective leadership (Nga Manukura) and autonomy (Mana Whakahaere). (author abstract)