Forging Democracy: The History of the Left in Europe, 1850–2000 . By Geoff Eley. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2002. Pp. xxii + 698. $37.50. ISBN 0-1950-4479-7.

drinking, dueling and whoring that is part of male university traditions. In my own case, the fraternity members threw a piano off a second floor balcony into a barn fire (and they did it again the following year). In reply to my complaints, they wrote to say that, "a fraternity is not a monastery." Thus, she sets the scene very well for the difficulties the first generation of women faced. It was also interesting that the university administration often interpreted Lehrfreiheit to mean a professor had the right to tell female students that they were not welcome to attend his lectures. One thing she may have missed is that the professors in Berlin (Adolf Wagner and Max Sering) she cites as very helpful to young women (including Jewish women) were actually conservatives rather than liberals. In one case, the professor mentioned was vice president of the Christian Social Party, a very right-wing anti-Semitic organization. While the number of supportive professors is too small to draw conclusions, it is an interesting paradox.