Replies to My Critics

Voting is a moral issue. Voters choose for everyone, not just themselves. Political decisions have high stakes, determining matters of poverty and prosperity, war and peace, injustice and justice. Political decisions are imposed upon innocent people—people who do not consent to the outcome of the election—through violence and threats of violence. However, individual votes make almost no difference. You are more likely to win the Powerball lottery than cast a vote that changes the outcome of a congressional election. Don’t fool yourself that you’ll “change the mandate” either; political scientists say that “mandates” don’t exist and are just a folk fiction. 2