Review of the basic cultivation conditions influence on the growth of basidiomycetes

Recently, the significant economic and therapeutic potential of different fungi causes the intense cultivation of the prospective species. This review presents the analysis of the basic physicochemical conditions for fungi cultivation that have an influence on basidiomycetes’ mycelia or biomass growth options (maximal mycelial dry weight, maximal mycelial growth, maximal mycelial growth rate, mycelial density, colony diameter, etc.). Not only different species, but different strains of the same fungus require different cultivation conditions, the variability of nutrition media, temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen sources. Several parameters optimal cultivation can be explained by the geographical and climatic factors. Analysis of literature data and the resulting conclusions will help a deeper understanding of the biological characteristics of fungi, their nutritional needs, optimal temperature and pH, and optimization of the production of fungal biomass. Comparison of the collected information on various fungal strains growth aimed to facilitate the further development and optimization in existing cultivation protocols. According to this, the maximum growth for biotechnological and industrial application is expected to be obtained. Also, the prolongation in safekeeping of viable fungal forms and the preservation of the fungi biodiversity for their re-introduction in nature is expected as one of the benefits after protocol optimization.