Patterns Of Mainly Tourism Sectors At Local Level By Employee'S Characteristics Using Gis Multivariate Clustering Analysis - Romania Case Study

The tourism sector, before the Corona Strikes, works as a inclusive development engine for many countries' economies and labour markets. In a global world, with increasing travel opportunities, tourism offers both labours intensive and knowledge-intensive activities, across many economic sectors. Tourism is a spatially dependent sector and also a tradable one. The Methodology for tourism statistics (Eurostat 2014), Tourism Satellite Accounts (TSA 2010) and The International Recommendations for Tourism Statistics 2008 (IRTS 2008) differentiate the "mainly tourism" industries at four digits. We identify the natural cluster by number and pattern, at 3189 local spatial units (NUTS 5) by eight attribute variable employees: gender (male, female), age (youth, adult and aged) and education detained level (low, medium and high). Sectors are detailed at two digits only (H51- Air transport, I55 - Hotels and other accommodation facilities and N79-Activities of tourist agencies and tour operators; other reservation services and tourist assistance). Romanian National Institute of Statistics provides 2011 Census data. We apply the Multivariate Clustering Analysis with K Means algorithm as a Spatial Statistical Tool in Arc Gis Pro 2.3, an unsupervised machine learning an Artificial Intelligence technique, appropriate for Big Data. Clusters resulted illustrates natural hidden patterns of local labour markets pooling in the sense of Urban& Jacobian economies, but also some insight regarding the Morettian externalities sources. These results are useful for Regions Smart Specialisation Strategies development of human resources & talents to increase innovation capabilities and inclusive job creation, but also for a prompt recovery post-Covid Pandemic.