Research of Eco-water Table and Rational Depth of Groundwater of Tarim River Drainage Basin

In this paper, the relationships between groundwater, water contents of soils and vegetation conditions in the Tarim River drainage basin were analyzed. Considering the relations between depths of groundwater and eco-environmental status, the regional groundwater tables were discriminated into five classifications included swamped water table, salinized water table, suitable water table, vegetable intimidated water table and desertified water table, and at the same time, the related depths of the five classifications were determined. Based on the found relationships between evaporation of the phreati water and soil salinization / land desertification, the depths of the suitable water table were confirmed to 2～4 meters between the upper interface with intense evaporation of the phreati water and the lower limit with fewer evaporation of the phreatic water. The discrimination of the groundwater tables will certainly play important scientific roles in estimating ecological water use, prevention of the land salinization and desertification.