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Vaccine hesitancy, defined as the delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability, is a complex phenomenon influenced by a constellation of socio-economic factors that shape individual and community attitudes toward vaccines. Understanding these socio-economic determinants is pivotal for designing public health policies that effectively increase vaccine uptake and thus control vaccine-preventable diseases. Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Vaccine Hesitancy 1. Income and Socioeconomic Status (SES) Lower SES is a consistent predictor of vaccine hesitancy, generally linked to both structural barriers and attitudinal factors. Financial constraints limit access to vaccination sites due to costs related to transportation, time off work, and childcare [1][2]. Moreover, low-income populations often exhibit reduced trust in healthcare systems and government programs, which exacerbates hesitancy [1][3]. However, interestingly, some studies suggest that low income can sometim